viernes, agosto 28, 2009

Guias de OMS para la Gripe A


WHO Issues Guidelines for Antiviral Treatment for H1N1 and Other Influenza

cnho.wordpress.com (la imagen de más arriba)
Physician Rating: 3.5 stars ( 52 Votes )
Rate This Article:
0 stars

processing....

Information from Industry
The impact of allergic rhinitis: It’s greater than you think
Learn about the impact of seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis.
Read More

August 25, 2009 — The World Health Organization (WHO) has issued guidelines for antiviral treatment for novel influenza A (H1N1) and other influenza. The purpose of the new recommendations, which were posted online August 20, is to provide a basis for advice to clinicians regarding the use of the currently available antivirals for patients presenting with illness caused by influenza virus infection, as well as considerations regarding potential use of these antiviral medications for chemoprophylaxis.

On the basis of a review of data collected with previously circulating strains, and treatment of human H5N1 influenza virus infections, the new guidelines expand on recommendations published in May 2009, titled ʺClinical management of human infection with new influenza A (H1N1) virus: Initial guidance." These new guidelines do not change recommendations in the WHO rapid advice guidelines on pharmacological management of humans infected with highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) virus.

"In April 2009, the [WHO] received reports of sustained person to person infections with [H1N1] virus in Mexico and the United States," write Edgar Bautista, from Médico Neumólogo Intensivista, Jefe de UCI-INER in Mexico, and colleagues. "Subsequent international spread led WHO to declare on 11 June 2009 that the first influenza pandemic in 41 years had occurred. This 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza virus has now spread worldwide, with confirmed cases of pandemic H1N1 virus infection reported in more than 100 countries in all 6 WHO regions[, which] has led to the need to add to the existing guidance on the use of antivirals."

The new recommendations highlight oseltamivir and zanamivir, which are neuraminidase inhibitors, and amantadine and rimantadine, which are M2 inhibitors. Suggestions are also provided regarding the use of some other potential pharmacological treatments, such as ribavirin, interferons, immunoglobulins, and corticosteroids.

Management of patients with pandemic influenza (H1N1) 2009 virus infection is the primary focus of the statement, although it also includes guidance regarding the use of the antivirals for treatment of other seasonal influenza virus strains, as well as for infections resulting from novel influenza A virus strains.

The guidelines urge country and local public health authorities to issue local recommendations for clinicians periodically, based on epidemiological and antiviral susceptibility data on the locally circulating influenza strains. As the prevalence and severity of the current pandemic evolves, WHO anticipates that additional data will be forthcoming that may require revision of the current recommendations. WHO therefore plans to review the guidance no later than September 2009 to determine whether modifications to the recommendations are needed.

Recommendations for Antiviral Treatment of H1N1

For patients with confirmed or strongly suspected infection with influenza pandemic (H1N1) 2009, when antiviral medications for influenza are available, specific recommendations regarding use of antivirals for treatment of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza virus infection are as follows:

  • Oseltamivir should be prescribed, and treatment started as soon as possible, for patients with severe or progressive clinical illness (strong recommendation, low-quality evidence). Depending on clinical response, higher doses of up to 150 mg twice daily and longer duration of treatment may be indicated. This recommendation is intended for all patient groups, including pregnant women, neonates, and children younger than 5 years of age.
  • Zanamivir is indicated for patients with severe or progressive clinical illness when oseltamivir is not available or not possible to use, or when the virus is resistant to oseltamivir but known or likely to be susceptible to zanamivir (strong recommendation, very low quality evidence).
  • Antiviral treatment is not required in patients not in at-risk groups who have uncomplicated illness caused by confirmed or strongly suspected influenza virus infection (weak recommendation, low-quality evidence). Patients considered to be at risk are infants and children younger than 5 years of age; adults older than 65 years of age; nursing home residents; pregnant women; patients with chronic comorbid disease including cardiovascular, respiratory, or liver disease and diabetes; and immunosuppressed patients because of malignancy, HIV infection, or other diseases.
  • Oseltamivir or zanamivir treatment should be started as soon as possible after the onset of illness in patients in at-risk groups who have uncomplicated illness caused by influenza virus infection (strong recommendation, very low quality evidence).

Recommendations for Chemoprophylaxis of H1N1

Specific recommendations regarding the use of antivirals for chemoprophylaxis of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza virus infection are as follows:

  • When risk for human-to-human transmission of influenza is high or low, and the probability of complications of infection is high, either because of the influenza strain or because of the baseline risk of the exposed group, use of oseltamivir or zanamivir may be considered as postexposure chemoprophylaxis for the affected community or group, for individuals in at-risk groups, or for healthcare workers (weak recommendation, moderate-quality evidence).
  • Individuals in at-risk groups or healthcare personnel need not be offered antiviral chemoprophylaxis if the likelihood of complications of infection is low. This recommendation should be applied independent of risk for human-to-human transmission (weak recommendation, low-quality evidence).

For treatment of mild to moderate uncomplicated clinical presentation of infection with multiple cocirculating influenza A subtypes or viruses with different antiviral susceptibilities, patients in at-risk groups should be treated with zanamivir or oseltamivir plus M2 inhibitor (noting that amantadine should not be used in pregnant women). Otherwise-healthy patients with this presentation need not be treated.

When the clinical presentation of infection with multiple cocirculating influenza A subtypes or viruses with different antiviral susceptibilities is severe or progressive, all patients should be treated with oseltamivir plus M2 inhibitor, or zanamivir.

For treatment of mild to moderate uncomplicated clinical presentation of infection with sporadic zoonotic influenza A viruses including H5N1, the at-risk population should be treated with oseltamivir or zanamivir, and the otherwise-healthy population with oseltamivir. All patients, regardless of risk status, with severe or progressive presentation of infection with sporadic zoonotic influenza A viruses including H5N1 should be treated with oseltamivir plus an M2 inhibitor.

WHO Rapid Advice Guidelines on Pharmacological Management of Influenza Virus. Published online August 20, 2009.

38 comentarios:

Anonymous Anónimo ha dicho...

Hi,

When ever I surf on web I never forget to visit this website[url=http://www.weightrapidloss.com/lose-10-pounds-in-2-weeks-quick-weight-loss-tips].[/url]doctor98.blogspot.com really contains lot of useful information. I am sure due to busy scedules we really do not get time to care about our health. In plain english I must warn you that, you are not serious about your health. Recent Research presents that nearly 60% of all USA grownups are either obese or weighty[url=http://www.weightrapidloss.com/lose-10-pounds-in-2-weeks-quick-weight-loss-tips].[/url] Therefore if you're one of these individuals, you're not alone. Its true that we all can't be like Brad Pitt, Angelina Jolie, Megan Fox, and have sexy and perfect six pack abs. Now next question is how you can achive quick weight loss? [url=http://www.weightrapidloss.com/lose-10-pounds-in-2-weeks-quick-weight-loss-tips]Quick weight loss[/url] is really not as tough as you think. You need to improve some of you daily habbits to achive weight loss in short span of time.

About me: I am webmaster of [url=http://www.weightrapidloss.com/lose-10-pounds-in-2-weeks-quick-weight-loss-tips]Quick weight loss tips[/url]. I am also mentor who can help you lose weight quickly. If you do not want to go under painful training program than you may also try [url=http://www.weightrapidloss.com/acai-berry-for-quick-weight-loss]Acai Berry[/url] or [url=http://www.weightrapidloss.com/colon-cleanse-for-weight-loss]Colon Cleansing[/url] for effortless weight loss.

2:20 p. m.  
Anonymous Anónimo ha dicho...

Your poѕt haѕ pгovеn neсеѕsаrу to mе.
It’s really eԁucatiοnal and уou аrе obviously еxtremеly experienced of this type.
Yоu hаve οpеneԁ
up ouг eyеs tо different thoughts аbοut this
subject uѕing intriquіng, notable and solid written cоntent.



My homeρаge; chms-scout.org
Also visit my web-site - buy oxycontin online

12:29 a. m.  
Anonymous Anónimo ha dicho...

Hello there! Do you use Twitter? I'd like to follow you if that would be okay. I'm undoubtedly enjoying your blog and look
forward to new updates.

Also visit my site ... Saffron Extracts

10:07 p. m.  
Anonymous Anónimo ha dicho...

For most recent information you have to go to see internet and on world-wide-web
I found this website as a finest web page for newest updates.


my web page: Tostoboost Review

8:56 p. m.  
Anonymous Anónimo ha dicho...

continuously i used to read smaller content that as well
clear their motive, and that is also happening with this article which I am reading now.


Here is my web page working online from home

1:51 a. m.  
Anonymous Anónimo ha dicho...

I relish, cause I found just what I was looking for.
You have ended my four day lengthy hunt! God Bless
you man. Have a nice day. Bye

Also visit my web page; weight loss help

2:04 a. m.  
Anonymous Anónimo ha dicho...

Having read this I thought it was very informative.
I appreciate you finding the time and effort to put this information together.
I once again find myself spending way too much time both reading and leaving comments.
But so what, it was still worthwhile!

my web page; payday Loan

8:37 a. m.  
Anonymous Anónimo ha dicho...

Hmm is anyone else experiencing problems with the pictures
on this blog loading? I'm trying to determine if its a problem on my end or if it's the blog.

Any feedback would be greatly appreciated.

Also visit my web blog :: raspberry ketones reviews

4:56 p. m.  
Anonymous Anónimo ha dicho...

Does your website have a contact page? I'm having problems locating it but, I'd like to send
you an e-mail. I've got some creative ideas for your blog you might be interested in hearing. Either way, great blog and I look forward to seeing it develop over time.

Here is my web-site :: Lift and glow pro

3:20 a. m.  
Anonymous Anónimo ha dicho...

I've learn a few good stuff here. Certainly worth bookmarking for revisiting. I surprise how much attempt you set to create the sort of great informative web site.

Also visit my web site; pure raspberry ketones

6:13 a. m.  
Anonymous Anónimo ha dicho...

It's wonderful that you are getting thoughts from this article as well as from our dialogue made at this place.


turbo force

6:58 a. m.  
Anonymous Anónimo ha dicho...

Oh my goodness! Amazing article dude! Many thanks, However I am experiencing troubles with
your RSS. I don't understand why I cannot join it. Is there anyone else getting similar RSS problems? Anyone who knows the solution will you kindly respond? Thanx!!

My homepage: Slim Lipo Plus Reviews

9:32 a. m.  
Anonymous Anónimo ha dicho...

Hey! I just wanted to ask if you ever have any issues with hackers?

My last blog (wordpress) was hacked and I ended up losing several
weeks of hard work due to no back up. Do you have any
solutions to prevent hackers?

Here is my web page ... Dermolyte

4:11 a. m.  
Anonymous Anónimo ha dicho...

Wow! After all I got a web site from where I be able to truly obtain useful information concerning my
study and knowledge.


amnio prime

4:43 a. m.  
Anonymous Anónimo ha dicho...

What's Going down i am new to this, I stumbled upon this I have discovered It positively useful and it has aided me out loads. I hope to contribute & help different customers like its helped me. Great job.

Here is my webpage Acai Energize Plus

1:17 p. m.  
Anonymous Anónimo ha dicho...

It is in point of fact a nice and useful piece
of information. I'm happy that you just shared this helpful info with us. Please keep us informed like this. Thanks for sharing.

my weblog ... Cambogia Trim Diet

6:19 a. m.  
Anonymous Anónimo ha dicho...

Remarkable issues here. I am very glad to see your post.
Thank you so much and I am taking a look forward to touch you.

Will you kindly drop me a mail?

Take a look at my page Buy viarex

10:12 a. m.  
Anonymous Anónimo ha dicho...

Great article, just what I wanted to find.

Have a look at my blog post; Buy Natural Cleanse

10:04 p. m.  
Anonymous Anónimo ha dicho...

I'm really enjoying the theme/design of your site. Do you ever run into any browser compatibility problems? A couple of my blog visitors have complained about my blog not working correctly in Explorer but looks great in Opera. Do you have any suggestions to help fix this issue?

my web blog :: muscle building (http://no2maximusreview.org)

4:13 a. m.  
Blogger Unknown ha dicho...

qihang0605true religion jeans
true religion sale
gucci outlet online
toms outlet
cheap jerseys
polo ralph lauren
kate spade bags
ralph lauren uk
burberry scarf
chanel online shop
oakley sunglasses
tory burch handbags
burberry handbags
abercrombie
ray ban glasses
gucci outlet
ray ban uk
coach outlet
michael kors outlet online
kate spade outlet
pandora charms
fitflops sale clearance
michael kors uk
ray bans
christian louboutin outlet
chanel bags
true religion
kate spade uk
coach outlet
michael kors outlet online
ralph lauren outlet
oakley sunglasses
cheap oakleys
coach outlet online
soccer jerseys
coach outlet
q

5:10 a. m.  
Blogger 柯云 ha dicho...

2016-06-20keyun
true religion jeans
coach outlet
louis vuitton outlet
cheap jerseys
jordan 3 powder blue
michael kors outlet
marc jacobs outlet
coach outlet canada
ghd flat iron
ray ban sunglasses uk
instyler
kd 8
oakley sunglasses
nike air max uk
cheap oakley sunglasses
cheap air jordans
louis vuitton purses
nike air huarache
michael kors outlet
the north face jackets
coach outlet
abercrombie and fitch
louis vuitton purses
gucci handbags
coach outlet online
air max 95
ghd hair straighteners
cheap oakleys
nfl jerseys
adidas outlet store
gucci handbags
lebron james shoes 13
louis vuitton outlet
cheap oakley sunglasses
red bottom shoes
jordan shoes
michael kors outlet clearance
nike uk

8:48 a. m.  
Blogger Unknown ha dicho...

Our Bengals House Flag hangs vertically and provides a top sleeve for insertion of your flagpole.3*5 sports flags The Bengals House Flag cheap flags usa measures 28x42 inches,Baltimore Ravens flags usa is constructed of 2-ply polyester,Buffalo Bills flags and both sides are dye sublimated cheap Carolina Panthers flags with the NFL team logo as shown.

The house flag for Bengals has a liner sewn Chicago Bears flags between its two polyester sides, therefore, this flag is viewable and readable correctly on both sides.

Hang your Bengals House Flag with our banner pole or fly it with our 5'Cincinnati Bengals flags wood flagpole and adjustable flag bracket.

4:33 a. m.  
Anonymous تور کیش ha dicho...

تور کیش

10:01 p. m.  
Blogger Unknown ha dicho...

تور ارزان باکو

7:06 p. m.  
Blogger raybanoutlet001 ha dicho...

ugg boots
michael kors handbags
ed hardy
true religion outlet
nike outlet
christian louboutin shoes
ralph lauren uk
michael kors uk
ugg boots
jacksonville jaguars jersey
2017.8.9

9:25 a. m.  
Blogger jeje ha dicho...

off white outlet
asics shoes
nike blazer pas cher
converse shoes
ralph lauren uk
canada goose jackets
coach outlet
fitflops sale clearance
nike factory outlet
canada goose jackets

2:49 a. m.  
Blogger jeje ha dicho...

fitflops sale clearance
tods shoes
oakley sunglasses
hermes belts
polo ralph lauren
pandora jewelry
jordan shoes
maillot football pas cher
nike blazer
coach factory outlet

4:07 a. m.  
Blogger Unknown ha dicho...

شركة تنظيف واجهات بالرياض
شركة تنظيف فلل بالرياض
عندما تستعين متخصصة في عمل التنظيف الخاصة عندما تكون الشركة لها سمعة طيبة في مجال التنظيف ستحصل على منزل براق وأرضيات و حوائط نظيفة تماما مع الحفاظ على ألوانها من مواد التنظيف لنظافة شيئا ضروريا وخاصة عند تواجد اطفال صغار يخشي عليهم من الاتربة.
شركة تنظيف موكيت بالرياض
شركة تنظيف كنب بالرياض
شركة تنظيف منازل بالرياض رخيصه
شركة تنظيف منازل بالرياض مجربه
اسعار تنظيف المنازل بالرياض
شركة تنظيف السجاد بالرياض

12:37 a. m.  
Anonymous قفل هوشمند ha dicho...

قفل هوشمند
قفل استخری

9:18 a. m.  
Blogger درب ضد سرقت ha dicho...

نصب درب ضد سرقت| قیمت درب ضد سرقت
در هنگام خرید درب ضد سرقت باید به چه نکاتی توجه کنیم؟
قیمت انواع درب ضد سرقت و قیمت درب داخلی

8:07 a. m.  
Blogger درب ضد سرقت ha dicho...

حمل بار به ترکیه
قیمت حمل بار به ترکیه
حمل بار به استانبول

2:03 p. m.  
Blogger درب ضد سرقت ha dicho...

درب ضد سرقت باکیفیت
بهترین نوع درب ضد سرقت

7:13 p. m.  
Blogger Unknown ha dicho...

آموزشگاه موسیقی در کرج
آموزشگاه کامپیوتر در کرج

11:24 a. m.  
Blogger پارتیشن اداری ha dicho...

آموزشگاه کامپیوتر در کرج
آموزشگاه کنکور در کرج
https://karajbin.com/category/15/%D8%A2%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%B4%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87-%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86-%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AC
آموزشگاه زبان در کرج

2:13 p. m.  
Blogger پارتیشن اداری ha dicho...

طراحی سایت خبری

1:15 p. m.  
Blogger پارتیشن اداری ha dicho...

قفل فوروارد

دستگیره ریوارد

11:19 a. m.  
Blogger radin tak ha dicho...

باربری تهران
باربری ترکیه
حمل ساید

باربری شهرستان



1:22 p. m.  
Blogger Unknown ha dicho...

سمپاشی

10:55 a. m.  

Publicar un comentario

Suscribirse a Enviar comentarios [Atom]

<< Inicio